Effect of forsythiaside A on immune function in rats with ulcerative colitis

AIM To investigate the effect of forsythiaside A (FA) on immune function in rats with ulcerative colitis and its related mechanism. METHODS Healthy SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: control group (no treatment, normal feeding), model group (establishment of rat ulcerative colitis model), and low, medium and high doses of FA groups (treatment of the model rats with FA at 5 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg, respectively). The malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in rat colon tissues were measured by colorimetry, and the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-4 were detected by ELISA. The spleen index and thymus index, the percentages of CD3⁺, CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T-lymphocytes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMC）, the serum IgA and IgG levels, and the serum complement C3 and C4 levels were also determined. RESULTS The colon tissues of the rats in model group showed obvious inflammation and ulceration, indicating that the animal model was successfully established. Compared with model group, the colonic inflammation and ulceration were significantly attenuated in FA groups, among which the high dose had the best effect. Compared with control group, the spleen index and thymus index of the rars in model group were decreased (P<0.05), MDA content in colon tissues was increased (P<0.05), and SOD activity in colon tissues was decreased (P<0.05). The levels of CD3⁺, CD4⁺, CD8⁺ and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T-lymphocytes in PBMC, and the serum levels of C3, C4 and IL-4 were decreased (P<0.05), while the serum levels of IgA, IgG, TNF-α, and IL-2 were increased in model group as compared with control group. Furthermore, the spleen index and thymus index of the rats in FA groups were increased (P<0.05), the MDA content in the colon tissues was decreased (P<0.05), and the SOD activity in the colon tissues was increased (P<0.05). The levels of CD3⁺, CD4⁺, CD8⁺ and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T-lymphocytes in PBMC, and the serum levels of C3, C4 and IL-4 were increased (P<0.05), while serum IgA, IgG, TNF-α and IL-2 levels were decreased in FA groups as compared with model group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Forsythiaside A effectively attenuates the colonic lesions in rats with ulcerative colitis, and its mechanism may be related to reinforcement of oxygen free radical scavenging power, alleviation of inflammatory response, and enhancement of immune function.     

高羊茅草坪不同播种量对比试验研究

为了解决高羊茅冷季型草种在武汉安全越夏的问题,进行了高羊茅草坪不同播种量对比试验,结果表明：一级质量的种子(发芽率85%以上)播种量以15～25g/m~2为宜,20g/m~2最好,有利于草坪生长及安全越夏。     

鄂州市鄂城区园林植物病虫害调查及防治措施探讨

针对当前鄂州市鄂城区园林绿化的现状,调查了鄂城区150多种常见树种病虫害发生情况,如香樟、法国梧桐、广玉兰、栾树、合欢、垂柳、银杏、桂花、法国冬青、红继木、雪松、大叶黄杨、小叶女贞、梅花、碧桃、垂柳等,并提出了相应的防治措施,以供园林绿化工作者参考。     

湖北稻茬小麦主茎、分蘖1、分蘖2和分蘖3的成穗率、产量贡献率及主要农艺性状分析

合理的茎蘖组合是提升小麦绿色高效生产的重要因素。为了解湖北稻茬小麦主要茎蘖对产量及主要农艺性状的影响,以大穗型小麦品种川麦104和多穗型小麦品种扬麦15为材料,于2016-2018年在湖北十堰和武汉两地稻茬麦大田条件下,设置低(1.35×106~1.65×106株·hm^-2)、中(2.85×106~3.15×106株·hm^-2)、高(4.35×106~4.65×106株·hm^-2)三种种植密度,分析了主茎(S)、分蘖1(T1)、分蘖2(T2)和分蘖3(T3)(按出现先后顺序)的成穗率、产量贡献率及相关农艺性状的表现。结果表明:(1)湖北稻茬小麦成穗茎蘖农艺性状表现值偏低,除穗长和茎高受品种的影响最大外,其他被测性状受影响程度表现为蘖位>种植密度>品种;(2)在主茎均能成穗的情况下,分蘖成穗率随蘖位和种植密度的升高而降低,大穗型品种川麦104的降幅大于多穗型品种扬麦15;(3)主茎产量贡献率随种植密度的升高而升高(35.12%~54.50%),分蘖1产量贡献率稳定在23.25%~25.50%,分蘖2和分蘖3的产量贡献率随种植密度升高而降低,分别为14.59%~23.22%和5.42%~16.77%;(4)主茎的穗粒数(35.94~44.13粒)和穗粒重(1.44~1.93 g)显著高于其分蘖,茎高、茎蘖收获指数和穗茎节长只在川麦104中、高种植密度下的分蘖3与其他茎蘖差异显著;穗长、可孕小穗数和不孕小穗数有随蘖位和种植密度升高而变劣的趋势。聚类分析得出:湖北稻茬小麦绿色高效生产模式,以主茎成穗为主体,低种植密度下增加分蘖1和分蘖2,争取分蘖3成穗为辅;中种植密度下争取分蘖1+分蘖2成穗为辅;而高种植密度下争取分蘖1成穗为辅。     

鄂州市油菜施用氮磷钾肥效果研究

通过进行＂3414＂肥效试验,研究氮、磷、钾肥施用量对油菜产量和经济效益的影响。结果表明：合理施用氮、磷、钾肥可显著增加产量和提高经济效益。施用氮肥最高增产2151 kg/hm^2,增产率为250.0%,纯增收入6721元/hm^2;施用磷肥最高增产2041 kg/hm^2,增产率为309.1%,纯增收入6832元/hm^2;施用钾肥最高增产1181 kg/hm^2,增产率为78.7%,纯增收入3093元/hm^2。     

水稻三系恢复系镇恢084的螟虫抗性改良

以对螟虫有良好抗性的T1C - 19(含抗螟虫的cry1C*基因)作为供体,优良恢复系镇恢084为受体和轮回亲本,通过杂交、回交并结合分子辅助选择的方法将cry1C*基因导入镇恢084中,选育了携带cry1C*基因的纯合株系4个.对育成的抗螟虫新株系及其杂交组合的CRY1C*蛋白表达量、螟虫抗性、产量、主要农艺性状和稻米品质进行了研究.结果表明,4个抗虫新株系的CRY1C*蛋白表达量与供体T1C - 19基本一致,表明cry1C*基因在新株系中能够很好地表达;在自然条件下的田间调查结果显示,培育的4个抗螟虫株系及其所配杂交组合与供体亲本表现一致,都没有受到螟虫的危害,而受体亲本受到一定程度的螟虫危害.此外,新育成的4个抗螟虫株系在主要农艺性状、稻米品质和配合力上都与受体亲本镇恢084相近.     

长期定位试验不同耕作方式与秸秆还田对水稻产量和稻米品质的影响

以中嘉早17（早稻）和泰优390（晚稻）为材料,进行长期定位试验,研究不同耕作方式与秸秆还田耦合条件下水稻产量和品质的表现。结果表明,与秸秆不还田处理相比,秸秆还田处理能显著增加水稻产量,增产幅度为9%,“早稻旋耕+晚稻翻耕”处理对水稻增产效果最明显,周年产量高达15.8 t/hm²,较其他处理高5%~36%。秸秆还田与耕作方式互作对早、晚稻米垩白粒率、早稻RVA 谱特性、晚稻消减值具有极显著影响,而对其他外观、加工品质影响不显著。不同耕作方式下稻米外观品质差异不明显,“秸秆还田+早晚稻均免耕”处理稻米加工品质最优,而“秸秆还田+早稻旋耕+晚稻翻耕”处理稻米RVA 谱特性最佳。综合得出,“秸秆还田+早稻旋耕+晚稻翻耕”处理增产效果最好且蒸煮品质最优。     

基于灰色关联分析的武汉市建设用地扩张驱动力实证研究

采用灰色关联分析法探究了2003-2012年武汉市建设用地扩张的驱动因素。研究结果表明,交通条件改善,城乡居民收入增长和人口增加是武汉市近10 a建设用地扩张的主要驱动力;各驱动力因素表现出一定的时间尺度依赖性,交通和人口因素对建设用地短期内快速扩张的推动效应更显著,收入因素的效应则主要体现在长期;宏观经济增长和产业结构调整促进了土地利用的效率和集约水平的提升。     

萧氏松茎象生物学特性及防治方法研究

萧氏松茎象是近年来发生的蛀食马尾松、湿地松等松类植物树干基部的害虫。通过野外调查和搭棚饲养观察,初步掌握了该虫的生物学特性。采用16%虫线清乳油3 mL/孔、1 .8%阿维菌素乳油3 mL/孔分别注射到幼虫排泄孔,15 d校正死亡率达90%以上。     

日本花柏不同立地条件下生长差异研究

为解决湖北省木材和林产品严重供应不足问题,在湖北省竹山县九华山林场开展了日本花柏引种研究,在6个不同立地条件下,日本花柏的生长差异结果表明:(1)立地条件对植物生长的影响主要是通过其对水分和太阳辐射的差异分布而引起的;(2)不同植物种对高矿化度咸水灌溉适应性不同,适应性因土壤母质条件的差异而变化。